What does Erakond Eesti 200 propose?

People who earn more should pay a higher rate of income tax.

Reasoning: Its 2025 coalition agreement restores a flat income tax with a 700-euro tax-free allowance for everyone; its 2023 programme called for a uniform and stable tax system.

Source: Reformierakonna ja Eesti 200 koalitsioonilepe 2025–2027, lk 34, 24/03/2025.

VAT on food should be cut, even if the state collects less money.

Reasoning: In 2025 and 2026 its MPs did not back proposals to cut VAT on food to 9 %: they voted neither for nor against, and the proposals were rejected.

Source: Riigikogu hääletus 783 OE (toiduainete käibemaksu langetamine 9%-le), lõpphääletus 18.03.2026, 18/03/2026.

The annual car tax should be abolished.

Reasoning: In 2025 it proposed abolishing the car tax, but most of its MPs later voted to reject opposition bills to abolish it and backed a reduction for each child.

Source: Eesti 200 pressiteade „Eesti 200 teeb ettepaneku automaksu tühistamiseks“, 29.08.2025, 29/08/2025.

A tax on expensive property should be introduced so that taxes on work can be lowered.

The standard VAT rate should be brought back down from 24%, even if public spending has to be cut.

Reasoning: Its 2025 coalition agreement sets VAT at 24 % to fund defence, and in 2026 its leader called cutting taxes while raising family benefits a populist idea.

Source: Reformierakonna ja Eesti 200 koalitsioonilepe 2025–2027, lk 34, 24/03/2025.

To reduce the budget deficit, public spending should be cut rather than taxes raised.

Reasoning: In 2026 its leader ruled out new tax rises as harmful to the economy and the party wants all spending reviewed, but it opposes cutting the deficit faster while the war lasts.

Source: ERR, 29.06.2026: Kallas: sõja ajal ei saa ennaktempos eelarvedefitsiiti vähendada, 29/06/2026.

Pensions should rise faster, even if taxes have to go up to pay for it.

Reasoning: Its leader says the younger generation cannot keep being taxed more to pay for fast-rising pension costs and that pension indexation must be reviewed.

Source: ERR, 18.09.2024: Kristina Kallas: peame hakkama pensioni indeksit üle vaatama, 18/09/2024.

Families with three or more children should receive much larger benefits than families with one or two children.

Reasoning: Its 2023 programme says society must support the birth of a first, second, third or later child equally; that year its group voted to cut the large-family allowance.

Source: Eesti 200 Riigikogu valimiste programm 2023, „Perepoliitika“, 05/03/2023.

Healthcare should rely more on people's own responsibility, for example through higher patient co-payments.

Reasoning: Its 2023 programme says no one should go without care for lack of means and that people who paid taxes are entitled to state support for treatment; it does not propose higher co-payments.

Source: Eesti 200 Riigikogu valimiste programm 2023, „Tervise- ja sotsiaalpoliitika“, 05/03/2023.

University education should be free for all students.

Reasoning: In 2024 its then leader opposed free university for everyone and suggested fees for some subjects; its 2023 programme already allowed tuition fees in certain cases.

Source: ERR, 11.08.2024: Enamiku erakondade juhid soovivad teatud erialadel tasulist kõrgharidust, 11/08/2024.

Estonia should keep defence spending at 5% of GDP or more, even if that means cuts in other areas.

Reasoning: In 2026 its leader said defence is the priority of the decade and nothing else can be a priority at the same time; its ministers reject cutting it and its coalition sets at least 5 % of GDP.

Source: ERR, 29.06.2026: Kallas: sõja ajal ei saa ennaktempos eelarvedefitsiiti vähendada, 29/06/2026.

Estonia should keep giving Ukraine military aid worth at least 0.25% of GDP every year.

Reasoning: Its 2024 European programme calls on member states to spend 0.25 % of GDP a year on Ukraine for four years, and its coalition agreement keeps military aid at least at that level.

Source: Eesti 200 Euroopa Parlamendi valimisprogramm 2024, 09/06/2024.

Women should also do compulsory military service.

Reasoning: Its coalition agreement encourages women to do military service voluntarily; its 2023 programme offered civil defence training to all men and women.

Source: Reformierakonna ja Eesti 200 koalitsioonilepe 2025–2027, lk 4, 24/03/2025.

Frozen Russian assets should be used to fund Ukraine.

Reasoning: Its 2024 European programme says frozen Russian assets must be used to compensate Ukraine for war damage, and its coalition agreement seeks to channel them to Ukraine as soon as possible.

Source: Eesti 200 Euroopa Parlamendi valimisprogramm 2024, 09/06/2024.

The EU should hand powers back to member states rather than take on new ones.

Reasoning: Its 2024 European programme says the EU should not interfere too much in national government and rejects EU-wide taxes, but it proposes a defence commissioner and a joint EU–NATO defence policy.

Source: Eesti 200 Euroopa Parlamendi valimisprogramm 2024, 09/06/2024.

The EU should be able to take foreign policy decisions by majority vote, without needing unanimity.

Reasoning: In 2026 its foreign minister defended keeping unanimity in EU foreign policy so that decisions on small states' vital interests are not taken without them, while being open to faster decision-making.

Source: ERR, 06.05.2026: Saksa välisminister: ühehäälsuse nõue ohustab EL-i (Margus Tsahkna kommentaar), 06/05/2026.

Estonia should make it easier to hire workers from outside the EU when companies cannot find staff.

Reasoning: In 2026 it voted to make it easier for foreigners to work in sectors short of skilled staff, with a set wage threshold and an annual cap on permits.

Source: Riigikogu hääletus 785 SE (välismaalaste seaduse muutmine, tööjõupuudusega tegevusalade erisus), lõpphääletus 04.05.2026, 04/05/2026.

The annual immigration quota should not be increased.

Reasoning: In 2026 it voted to exempt sectors short of staff from the annual immigration quota, with a separate cap; its 2023 programme wanted engineers and specialists exempted from the quota.

Source: Riigikogu hääletus 785 SE (välismaalaste seaduse muutmine, tööjõupuudusega tegevusalade erisus), lõpphääletus 04.05.2026, 04/05/2026.

All schooling should switch to Estonian by 2030, including in schools where most pupils speak Russian.

Reasoning: Its 2023 programme commits to moving all general education to Estonian by 2030 regardless of children's home language; its leader runs this transition as education minister.

Source: Eesti 200 Riigikogu valimiste programm 2023, „Haridus ja teadus“, 05/03/2023.

It should be easier for people who have lived in Estonia since before 1991 to obtain Estonian citizenship.

Reasoning: In 2026 its group backed its interior minister's bill granting citizenship to stateless children born in Estonia, while requiring applicants to have a genuine link with the country.

Source: Riigikogu hääletus 932 SE (kodakondsuse seaduse muutmine), esimese lugemise tagasilükkamine 15.09.2026, 15/09/2026.

People who work with customers should be required to speak Estonian, with higher fines if they do not.

Reasoning: In 2026 it voted for the language law reform drafted by its leader's ministry, which tightens inspections and raises fines for companies that breach language requirements.

Source: Riigikogu hääletus 740 SE (keeleseaduse muutmine), lõpphääletus 17.06.2026, 17/06/2026.

Churches in Estonia should be required to cut their ties with the Moscow Patriarchate.

Reasoning: In 2025 its group voted for the church law reform requiring the Estonian Orthodox Church to cut its subordination to the Moscow Patriarchate, and voted for it again after the presidential veto.

Source: Riigikogu hääletus, kirikute ja koguduste seaduse muudatused, 09.04.2025 (ERR), 09/04/2025.

Estonian citizens should be allowed to also hold the citizenship of another EU or NATO country.

Reasoning: In May 2026 its council approved the position that Estonian citizens by birth should be able to keep the citizenship of another EU or NATO country without having to choose.

Source: Eesti 200: „Kristina Kallas erakonna volikogul: suurem tossutamine ja kestlik keskkond kokku ei käi“, 18.05.2026, 18/05/2026.

Estonia should build a nuclear power plant.

Reasoning: In 2026 most of its group voted for the law regulating nuclear energy; its 2023 programme backs nuclear power if prices and private capital allow, but in 2024 the group was split.

Source: Riigikogu hääletus 856 SE (tuumaenergia ja -ohutuse seadus), lõpphääletus 17.06.2026, 17/06/2026.

Estonia should keep producing electricity from oil shale in the long term.

Reasoning: Its coalition agreement keeps oil shale plants running only until new dispatchable capacity is available; its 2023 programme backed renewables and kept those plants in reserve meanwhile.

Source: Reformierakonna ja Eesti 200 koalitsioonilepe 2025–2027, lk 16, 24/03/2025.

Estonia should pass a climate law with binding targets for cutting emissions.

Reasoning: In 2026 its council declared that Estonia needs a climate law and its leader urged passing it now; in June its group voted against rejecting the government's climate bill.

Source: Eesti 200 volikogu poliitiline avaldus „Eesti vajab radikaalseid, põhimõttelisi ja pikaajalisi muutusi“, 17.05.2026, 17/05/2026.

More wind farms should be built on land, even if local residents oppose them.

Reasoning: Its 2023 programme promises to build wind farms at record speed and process plans in six months instead of six years; in 2025 it wants local communities to benefit from them.

Source: Eesti 200 Riigikogu valimiste programm 2023, „Energeetika“, 05/03/2023.

The amount of forest felled in Estonia each year should be reduced.

Reasoning: Its 2025 coalition agreement guarantees that 70 % of forest land can be managed without new restrictions; its 2023 programme demanded that timber stocks must not shrink and a spring felling ban.

Source: Reformierakonna ja Eesti 200 koalitsioonilepe 2025–2027, lk 18, 24/03/2025.

The Constitution should define marriage as a union between a man and a woman.

Reasoning: In 2023 its group voted unanimously for the law opening marriage to two adults of any sex, as its programme that year proposed; it defends an equal right to marry for everyone.

Source: Riigikogu hääletus 207 SE (perekonnaseaduse muutmine, abieluvõrdsus), lõpphääletus 20.06.2023, 20/06/2023.

Access to abortion in Estonia should be restricted.

Tougher punishments reduce crime more than prevention and rehabilitation do.

Reasoning: In 2026 its justice minister proposed sending drug users to treatment rather than prison and making it easier to punish dealers; its interior minister did not back the plan.

Source: ERR, 12.01.2026: Riik kavatseb leevendada narkokasutajate karistusi (justiitsminister Liisa Pakosta), 12/01/2026.

Euthanasia should be allowed for terminally ill people who ask for it.

Reasoning: Its 2023 programme promises rules allowing assisted suicide in line with human rights, and in late 2025 its foreign minister proposed a referendum on euthanasia.

Source: Eesti 200 Riigikogu valimiste programm 2023, „Inimõigused ja kodanikuühiskond“, 05/03/2023.

Inciting hatred against a group of people should be punished more severely.

Reasoning: In 2023 its group voted against rejecting the government's hate speech bill; its programme that year called for widening the definition of hate speech.

Source: Riigikogu hääletus 232 SE (vaenu õhutamine ja vaenumotiiviga kuriteod), esimese lugemise tagasilükkamine 27.09.2023, 27/09/2023.

Internet voting should be kept in elections.

Reasoning: In 2024 its group voted for the law updating internet voting, in 2025 it did not back a proposal to suspend it, and its 2023 programme wanted voting by mobile phone too.

Source: Riigikogu hääletus 344 SE (Riigikogu valimise seaduse muutmine, e-hääletamine), lõpphääletus 07.05.2024, 07/05/2024.

The President of the Republic should be elected directly by the citizens.

Reasoning: In 2026 its leader stressed that electing the president is the Riigikogu's task under the Constitution; its 2023 programme proposed reforming the indirect election, not making it direct.

Source: Eesti 200: „Eesti 200 ei toeta president Alar Karise tagasivalimist“, 20.05.2026, 20/05/2026.

Citizens should be able to trigger a binding referendum by collecting signatures.

Reasoning: Its 2025 local election programme wants popular initiatives, consultative polls and participatory budgets in every municipality, but it does not propose binding referendums triggered by signatures.

Source: Eesti 200 KOV-valimiste programm 2025 „Uue põlvkonna Eesti“, punkt 29, 29/08/2025.

The state should keep small village schools open even if they have few pupils.

Reasoning: Its 2025 local programme wants grade 1–6 schools within 30 minutes of home but also an updated school network; its coalition agreement leaves the decision to each local community.

Source: Eesti 200 KOV-valimiste programm 2025 „Uue põlvkonna Eesti“, punkt 2, 29/08/2025.

Public transport should be free throughout Estonia.

Reasoning: Its 2023 programme sought to end free county public transport as costly and wasteful and says the party does not promise free things; its minister repeated this in 2026.

Source: Eesti 200 Riigikogu valimiste programm 2023, „Liikuvus ja transport“, 05/03/2023.